Notice bibliographique
- Notice
Type(s) de contenu et mode(s) de consultation : Texte noté : sans médiation
Auteur(s) : Ayers, Michael (1935-....)
Titre(s) : Knowing and seeing [Texte imprimé] : groundwork for a new empiricism / Michael Ayers
Publication : Oxford : Oxford university press, 2019
Description matérielle : 1 vol. (xii-211 p.) ; 24 cm
Note(s) : Bibliogr. p. [201]-207. Notes bibliogr. Index
"What is knowledge? What, if anything, can we know? In Knowing and Seeing, Michael
Ayers recovers the insight in the traditional distinction between knowledge and belief,
according to which 'knowledge' stems from direct and perspicuous cognitive contact
with ('seeing') its object, whereas 'belief' relies on 'extraneous' justification.
He conducts a careful phenomenological analysis of what it is to perceive one's environment
as one's environment, the result of which is not only direct realism, but recognition
that in being perceptually aware of anything we are at the same time perceptually
aware of how we are aware of it. Perceptual knowing comes with knowing how you know.
Some other forms of knowledge are similarly direct and perspicuous, but not all; a
distinction is accordingly drawn between primary and secondary knowledge, and Ayers
argues that no secondary knowledge is possible without some primary knowledge. Perceptual
knowledge supplies the paradigm to which other cases of knowledge are diversely analogous
- hence the notorious difficulty of defining knowledge. These conclusions, supported
by a detailed examination of the relations between different grammatical constructions
in which 'know', 'believe' and 'see' occur, fuel extended critiques of two lines of
thought influential in contemporary epistemology: John McDowell's conceptualist and
intellectualist account of perceptual knowledge, and Fred Dretske's 'externalist'
employment of sceptical argument. Ayers unpicks the arguments for these other views,
explains the failure of recent attempts at a comprehensive definition of knowledge,
explores the tight relation between knowledge and certainty, and gives an account
of how 'defeasibility' should and should not be understood in epistemology."
Sujet(s) : Théorie de la connaissance
Croyance (philosophie)
Perception (philosophie)
Empirisme
Indice(s) Dewey :
146.44 (23e éd.) = Empirisme
Identifiants, prix et caractéristiques : ISBN 0198833563. - ISBN 9780198833567
Identifiant de la notice : ark:/12148/cb45659430f
Notice n° :
FRBNF45659430
(notice reprise d'un réservoir extérieur)
